Technical, in-depth, and how-to reports

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New Urban News Article with images, 9/1/2004
The potential grows for using manufactured and modular units in new urban developments.

In 1991 a new urban plan called Rosa Vista was created for a manufactured home community in Mesa, Arizona. That plan, by Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company (DPZ), was never built, largely because no manufacturer could be found that would meet the design code. But over the last decade, the factory-built housing industry has evolved in ways that should encourage new urbanists to think seriously about this type of construction. Among the changes cited by experts:

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New Urban News Article with images, 4/1/2009
The current downturn, says a top retail expert, is “shaking out plans and centers that were poorly conceived.”

Robert Gibbs, head of Gibbs Planning Group in Birmingham, Michigan, has advised town center developers, municipalities, and new urbanists through good times and bad. He is known especially for his consulting on retail development. In the current economic crisis, New Urban News decided to get Gibbs’s views on how new urban retailers and their centers are doing and what strategies they should pursue. Gibbs was interviewed by Senior Editor Philip Langdon.

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New Urban News Technical Page by Andres Duany, Michael Morrissey, and Patrick Pinnell

It is often the case that important civic buildings are physically smaller than the private structures around them. Since the human species is given to mistaking size for significance, it is important to understand the ways in which civic buildings can indicate their importance without size, luxury, or hyperactive massing. The space around a civic building is the most important resource for this purpose.

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New Urban News Technical Page by Andres Duany, Michael Morrissey, and Patrick Pinnell

In the practice of urbanism, a host of techniques can help people move around easily and interestingly. One group of techniques consists of methods that visually encourage a pedestrian or a driver to move in a particular direction.

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New Urban News Article with images, 12/1/08
Goodbee Square near Covington, Louisiana, takes one of Thomas Jefferson’s ideas and turns it into a 21st Century stormwater solution.
A 1,280-unit development, Goodbee Square is laid out in checkerboard fashion with regularly placed squares. The project received unanimous approval from the St. Tammany Parish Zoning Commission in November. Jefferson proposed a similar layout as a way to blend town and rural living, and planner Andres Duany is quick to emphasize the connection in public presentations. “There is nothing like having third-party referral from Jefferson,” Duany jokes.

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Chapter 13 of the New Urbanism Best Practices Guide
Demand for walkable, mixed-use, compact neighborhoods will likely run strong for at least the next 20 years. This chapter looks at changes in perception, demographic shifts, attitudes toward density, and other factors influencing the prospects for New Urbanism.

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New Urban News Article with images, 9/1/2002
A study by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety has determined that roundabouts — popular among many New Urbanist designers — are much safer than other kinds of intersections.

The Institute examined 24 intersections in eight states that were converted from stop signs or traffic signals between 1992 and 1997. The results that emerged are remarkably favorable:
• Vehicular accidents overall declined 39 percent.
• Accidents resulting in injuries fell 76 percent.
• Accidents resulting in death or incapacitating injury plunged 90 percent.

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New Urban News Article with graphs, 9/1/2008
Studies of transit-oriented development show that rising materials costs are a factor — but more placemaking and less parking can make high density lucrative.

In many urban locations, medium-density wood-frame buildings are more feasible and profitable than taller, higher-density buildings, according to several analyses by Strategic Economics of Berkeley, California. Rapidly rising costs for steel and concrete frequently make higher density less profitable, principal Nadine Fogarty told New Urban News.

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Chapter 3 of the New Urbanism Best Practices Guide

New Urbanism has been applied to an ever more diverse array of settings in the three decades since Seaside was planned on the Florida Panhandle and Battery Park City was replanned in New York. Seaside showed how to revive many of the best elements of small-town design. Battery Park City, with its requirements for consistent street-walls and open space showed how large, dense urban precincts could respect human scale and enhance the public realm.

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New Urban News Article with images, 9/1/2007
How to get authentic-looking traditional details is one problem that new urbanists have been trying to solve, with mixed success, for two decades. Building affordable housing is another. These two goals are sometimes in conflict, but they needn’t be, according to Donald Powers of Donald Powers Architects in Providence, Rhode Island.

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Chapter 20 of the New Urbanism Best Practices Guide

Author Douglas E. Morris has argued that loneliness, depression, violence, and other individual or societal troubles can be traced at least partly to the physical breakdown of community. This chapter argues that physical structure does not determine how we live, but it does influence behavior and affect people’s well-being. Evidence is presented from Harbor Town in Memphis, Celebration in Florida, Orenco Station in Oregon, Kentlands in Maryland, and elsewhere.

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New Urban News Article with images, 12/1/2006
How to handle rainwater in ways that accentuate placemaking

In times past, engineers often integrated elements of civic art, architecture, and history into a city’s parkways, bridges, and other public necessities. In doing so, they enhanced the character of the urban environment. Today, when engineering often deals with the environment, there is an opportunity once again to serve civic purposes — by handling rainwater well.

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New Urban News Article with images, 4/1/2007
The design process for new urban military housing is
revealed — with important lessons for how to cut costs without compromising principles.

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Chapter 25 of the New Urbanism Best Practices Guide

Abstract: From the moment private automobiles first appeared on city streets, parking has posed a major design problem for the public realm. In this chapter, Brian O’Looney, Neal Payton, and Patrick Siegman offer an in-depth examination of parking solutions — for settings ranging from natural areas to neighborhoods of single-family detached houses, to moderate-density areas, to city centers and urban cores.

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New Urban News Article with images and sidebar, 12/1/2004
Kendall offers a glimpse of how an “edge city” can evolve with the help of a plan and a form-based code.

The roughly half-square-mile heart of Kendall in Dade County, Florida, is imprinted so deeply with conventional suburban development that it is difficult to imagine it changing in character. At the very center of Kendall is the 1.4 million sq. ft. Dadeland Mall, surrounded by parking, on a 70-acre parcel. To the north of the mall are low-rise apartment complexes, to the south are various commercial buildings — all auto-oriented, with no coherent urban design. The entire site is bisected by a functional drainage waterway called Snapper Creek and is bounded on the east by a mega-arterial, US Route 1.

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New Urban News Technical Page by Andres Duany, Michael Morrissey, and Patrick Pinnell

In understanding the components of urbanism at any point along the Transect, it is useful to differentiate between the organization of movement and the organization of spatial enclosure. Within the broad class of urban components based on more or less circular forms, the circle, the circus, and the rotary differ in their movement and spatial organization. The circus (see June 2001 issue) has a high degree of spatial definition, and usually also strongly organizes movement.  The rotary, by contrast, has as its goal the accomplishment of regular movement no matter what the character of the associated space.

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New Urban News Technical Page by Andres Duany, Michael Morrissey, and Patrick Pinnell

The previous Technical Page discussed the garage with respect to its use as parking, while arguing that its full potential lay as the principal domestic multi-use space. This consideration is not complete without exploration of the other auxiliary living or working spaces that a modern house may include. For the 21st Century, every dwelling, after all, will be to a lesser or greater extent a live-work unit.

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New Urban News Technical Page by Andres Duany, Michael Morrissey, and Patrick Pinnell

There is a strong reflex for a designer simply to attach the label “parking lot” to an area and then to get on with the design of the building. In fact the necessary function of parking can be a resource for the creation of public space. Overcoming the simplistic conception of “a place for cars” is the critical first step towards techniques that emphasize the creation of a pedestrian-oriented space.

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New Urban News Article with graphs, 9/1/03
Real estate finance expert suggests that new urbanists increase equity and reduce conventional debt to reap the advantage of greater eventual appreciation.

Christopher Leinberger of Arcadia Land Co., a leading new urbanist finance theorist, believes that financial returns from new urban communities lag behind conventional suburban development (CSD) in the first few years. But if done right, those new urban developments will greatly outstrip CSD in the long term, he says.

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New Urban News Article with tables, 12/1/2007
Jamestown, Rhode Island, and Hamden, Connecticut, could be the first two New England communities to adopt the SmartCode. New urbanist teams conducted charrettes in both towns this fall, with the aim of adapting the form-based code to strikingly different local concerns.

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New Urban News Article with images, 12/1/2006
Transit-oriented development project in Oakland highlights questions of how much retail to build and how to handle parking.

Fruitvale Village in Oakland, California, has become a reluctant symbol of the difficulties that transit-oriented development (TOD) can encounter.

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New Urban News Article with images and sidebar, 9/1/2002
A comprehensive new book on boulevards offers important new findings and is destined to be a classic work on the design of an important and long-neglected street type.

If any street deserves to be built more extensively than has been its fate for the past 70 years, that street is the boulevard. And now research has been completed that lays a compelling basis for the boulevard’s reintroduction throughout North America.

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New Urban News Article with images, 10/1/2004
The developer and designer set specific goals for placemaking and walkability in this infill revitalization — and then followed through on implementation.

If success has many fathers, then Southside in Greensboro, North Carolina, is well cared for. Locally, the 10-acre urban redevelopment is considered to be something of a marvel. Nationally, it won an American Planning Association Outstanding Planning Implementation award for 2003. But this wasn’t always so. The project initially met with a great deal of skepticism on the part of public officials and real estate professionals. As Thomas Low of Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company (DPZ), the project designer, reports, Southside faced daunting challenges in the implementation of specific details that had great bearing on its success.

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New Urban News Article with images, 10/1/2008
Cities in the western and eastern US are starting to let motorists and pedestrians deal with one another more intuitively.

Up and down the West Coast and in parts of the East Coast, a select group of streets is going through a radical makeover. The street surfaces are being raised to the same level as the sidewalks. Curbs are being eliminated. Trees and vegetation are extending into what had been the domain of the automobile.

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New Urban News Technical Page by Andres Duany, Michael Morrissey, and Patrick Pinnell
Traditional urbanism occasionally offers examples of site-specific exceptions to, or variations of, the repertory of common types that is the basis of New Urbanism.  These should be noted — then held in mind for special circumstances.